太阳能电动车在委内瑞拉推广，能“吃碳”的电动车在荷兰发明

In Venezuela, people often must wait in long lines to get fuel for their vehicles. Fuel shortages are common because oil production has dropped in the country.在委内瑞拉，人们给汽车加油的时候经常需要排长队。燃料短缺很常见，因为该国的石油产量下降了。Poor maintenance and lack of investment by Venezuela's state-owned oil industry are some reasons for the drop in production. In Maracaibo, a once-wealthy oil city, two innovators have built small solar-powered and electric cars.委内瑞拉国有石油行业维护不善和缺乏投资是产量下降的部分原因。在曾经富裕的石油城市马拉开波，两位创新者制造了小型太阳能和电动汽车。And they are promoting the manufacture and use of these cars instead of vehicles that use fossil fuels. José Cintron is a 43-year-old electrical technician. He developed a solar-powered car.他们正在推动这些汽车的制造和使用，而不是使用化石燃料的车辆。何塞·辛特龙是一名43岁的电气技术员。他开发了一款太阳能汽车。Augusto Pradelli, 61, created a small electric vehicle that can also use solar panels. Both cars are built on the frame of old golf carts with more powerful batteries. Cintron and Pradelli explained the benefits of solar energy.61岁的奥古斯托·普拉德利发明了一款也可以使用太阳能电池板的小型电动汽车。这两款车都是在老式高尔夫球车的车架上制造的，电池更强大。辛特龙和普拉德利解释了太阳能的好处。Pradelli said, "the beauty of solar charge is that as long as there is sun, the car is always charging. The sun is free, and that's what you have to take advantage of." And Cintron said, "solar energy is the future, we have to stop relying on fossil fuels."普拉德利说：“太阳能充电的美妙之处在于，只要有太阳，汽车就一直在充电。太阳是免费的，这就是你必须利用的。”辛特龙说：“太阳能才是未来，我们必须停止依赖化石燃料。”He added that the change to solar energy will not happen in a very short period of time, and he said, "oil is not going to go away that easily." Both of the small vehicles can carry four people and travel between 25 and 40 kilometers per hour.他补充说，向太阳能的转变不会在很短的时间内发生，他说，“石油不会那么容易就消失了。”这两种小型车辆都可以搭载四人，时速在25到40公里之间。The batteries that power them can be recharged with solar panels in 10 hours. They can be charged more quickly by using an electric charging point, Pradelli said. The two men used their own money to build the small solar and electric cars.为它们供电的电池可以在10小时内用太阳能电池板充满电。普拉德利说，通过使用充电点，他们可以更快地充电。这两个人自掏腰包制造了小型太阳能和电动汽车。They hope to work together to develop a hybrid electric car. And they hope that one day the car will be produced nationally, a big dream in a country that was once one of the world's top oil producers. Maracaibo has a population of 2 million people.他们希望合作开发一款混合动力汽车。他们希望有一天这款车能在全国范围内生产，对于一个曾经是世界最大产油国之一的国家来说，这是一个远大的梦想。马拉开波有200万人口。It is the second-largest city in Venezuela. Temperatures there are over 34 degrees Celsius almost all year. The heat makes walking uncomfortable. That is another reason less costly electric vehicles are an appealing choice.它是委内瑞拉第二大城市。那里的气温几乎全年都在34摄氏度以上。炎热的天气不适合步行。便宜的电动汽车是一个吸引人的选择，这是另一个原因。Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro saw Pradelli's car at a science and technology event last month. Pradelli said Maduro expressed his support of the vehicle. "The president told me: 'Augusto, I'll buy it from you,'" said Pradelli. He added that he told the president that he would need the support to produce it.委内瑞拉总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗上个月在一次科技活动中看到了普拉德利的车。普拉德利说，马杜罗表达了他对这辆车的支持。“总统告诉我：‘奥古斯托，我会从你那里买下它，’”普拉德利说。他补充说，他告诉总统，他需要支持才能造车。He said that to manufacture the vehicles, an industry is necessary. Speaking from his work area in Maracaibo, Pradelli said, "These electric motors don't make noise, they don't vibrate, they don't pollute, they are the future. The world has to think about how to get out of pollution and global warming."他说，要制造这种汽车，一个行业是必要的。普拉德利在马拉开波的工作区说，“这些电机不会发出噪音，不会振动，不会污染环境，它们就是未来。世界必须思考如何摆脱污染和全球变暖问题。”A student team from the Eindhoven University of Technology, in the Netherlands, created a special sporty all-electric car resembling a BMW coupe, but is unique: It captures more carbon than it emits.荷兰埃因霍温科技大学的一个学生团队打造了一款非常特别的电动原型车，外观酷似宝马跑车，但它是独一无二的：它捕获的碳比排放的多。Called ZEM, for zero emission mobility, the two-seater houses a Cleantron lithium-ion battery pack, and most of its parts are 3D-printed from recycled plastics, said Jens Lahaije, finance manager for TU/ecomotive.这款双座汽车名为ZEM，意为零排放机动性，内置Cleantron锂离子电池组，TU/Ecomotive的财务经理Jens Lahaije说，它的大部分部件都是用回收塑料进行3D打印的。The goal is to minimize carbon dioxide emitted during the car's full lifespan, from manufacturing to recycling, he added. ZEM uses two filters that can capture up to 2 kilograms of CO2 over 20,000 miles of driving, the Eindhoven team estimated. They imagine a future when filters can be emptied at charging stations.他补充说，目标是将汽车从制造到回收的整个生命周期内排放的二氧化碳降至最低。埃因霍温研究小组估计，Zem使用两个过滤器，可以在2万英里的行驶中捕获多达2公斤的二氧化碳。他们设想，未来可以在充电站清空过滤器。